Carbureter.



A. M. LA CHAPELLE, & S. BENENSOHN.

cARuamEa.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I6. |914.

'Wg VEN R5. WTTORM A. M. LA CHAPELLE & S. BEM'NSi-IN` cAaauREEH. APPLlCATlON FILED APR.\6|19\4.

1,263,570. Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

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WTNESSES:

ALFRED M. LA C'HIAI ELLEl AND VSAMUEL BENENSOHN, Olii-CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.'

CARBURETEB.

y Specication of Letters Patent.

atented Apr. 23, 41918.

Application filed April 16, 1914.' Serial No. 832.286.'

To all H'mm it `may convent:

Be 1t known that we, ALFRED M. LA CHAPELLE and Santini, BENENSOHN, citizens of thel vUnited ',States, residing at Chicago,A county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have ,'invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Carbureters for Internal-Combusour specification.

tion Engines. of which the following is a full. clear. and exact specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carbureters more particularly adapted for use in connection with internal combustion engines and consists of the matter hereinafter described and more particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

The object of the invention is to produce a carbureter for internal combustion engines which will, at all times, provide the proper explosive gaseous mixture for the engine. Another object of the invention is to so arrange the parts that a sufficient quantity of fuel is always maintained in the carbureter, said fuel being replenished or sucked into the fuel chamber of the carbureter as it is needed, by the suction of the engine. The carbureter includes a combined fuel and ca rbureti'ng chamber to which is connected a mixing chamber, so arranged that such particles of fuel as condensed on the` walls of the mixing chamber are delivered hack into .the body of fuel in the comhincd 4fuel and carbureting chamber to be again used.

These objects as Well as other objects and advantages wlll .appear as we proceed with Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section through a carbureter made in accordance with our invention.

Fig. 2 represents a horizontal sect-ion through the same, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 2--2 of Fig. '1.

Figs. 3. l. .3. 6 and 7 are detail Views 1n elevation of several of the our improved carbureter and will be more specifically referred to later.

Icfcrrin;lr in detail to that embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the accompanvingr drawings: 2 indicates the`carbureter howl which is there provided with interior screw threads.

partsused in open at its top and` is The interior 2 ofsaid bowl constitutes both a fuelgchamber or reservoir adapted to contaln the fuelto be carbureted and a carbu- `rHating-'chamber as will presently appear. 4Made integralwith said bowl is a laterally yextending hollow boss 2" constituting an inlet valve 'chamber which communicates with the fuel chamber or reservoir in the carbureter bowl 2a. Depending from the 'bottom wall of said boss is a tubular ex. tenslon- 6 1n which 1s provlded the usual fuel inlet aperture, said' tubular extension ot' course beingr adapted for connection in the manner well known to the supply pipe leading' from the fuel supply tank (not shown).

S indicates the float which is adapted to control the level of the fuel in the fuel cham- -ber or reservoir 2 of the bowl 10". This float is preferably made of a waterproofinl y cork and is of the usual horse shoe or shape. a horizontally disposed lever which is mounted 0n a transverse axis pin 10 havingbearing in the side walls of the hollow boss 2l. The other arm 9 of said lever 9 has a forked end which engages an upright valve stern 5, the bottom end of which i made conical so as to close properly upon an associated seat formed in the bottom- /wall 4of' the hollow boss Q" about the top end of the fuel inlet aperture in the depending tubular extension 6. The top end of said valve stem 5 has a guiding bearing in a recess 7 a of a plug 7 which has; screw threaded engagement in the threaded aperture formed on the top wall of the boss 2*. Said plug 7 may be removed when it is desired to inspect the inlet valve Made integral with the bottom wall of the carburcter bowl 2 is horizontal boss in' which is provided a passageway l. Said boss is closed at that end with the fuel `chamber 2 and at its opposite end projects a short distance beyond the bowl 10 where it has threaded into it one. end of a valve casing l. Said casing has a rotative valve plug of well known type. which controls the admission of the air through the passage. l in the horizontal boss before mentioned. Threaded to the other end of the valve casingr la is a tubular member which is open tothe atmosphere.

Said float is fixed to one arm 9 of 11 indicates an upright spraying nozzle which is conccntrically arranged with respect to the carbureter bowl. The bottom end'of said spraying nozzle has a screw threaded supporting engagement" within an aperture formed in the top l wall part of the hollow boss l before mentioned. In said spraying nozzle is provided a pair of upright parallel coacting passageways 11, and 11, respectively of approximately the same diameter. 1

The passagewayA 11b communicates at its bottom end with the passageway formed in the bo'ss 1. At. its top, said passageway is restricted in diameter for a purpose presently to appear. The bottom end of the passageway 11 terminates short of the top of the boss 1 and is normally sealed by the fuel in the fuel chamber. The top or outlet end of said passageway is likewise restricted in diameter, and extends horizontally toward the restricted outlet end of the passageway 11b to co-act therewith. The passage 11b constitutes the air passage for the spraying nozzle while the passage 11a con stitutes the fuel passage thereof. An adjustable means is provided in connection with the `fuel passage 11a for regulating the amount of'.fuel passing therethrough, said means comprising a horizontally arrangedspring controller valve stem 15 coaxially .airanged relative to the restricted outlet of said passageway. .Said aga-Ive stem is adjustable from without,l the carbureter bowl by means of a thumb screw 18 which is threaded through the upright walls of said bowl and a lock-nut' 18 is provided to lock said screw in the desired adjusted position.

Coaxially arranged with respect to the passageway 11b and in the bottom wall of the carburetor bowl is a threaded aperture in which is located a threaded flanged plug 3 (see Figs. 1 and 5), Said plug has a plurality of vertically arrano'ed ports or a ertures 3a which are adapted to be closedwithout the carbureter bowl by a valve disk 3 (see Figs. 1 and 4) which is held=`in a normally closed position against said plug 3 by means of an expansion coiled sJring 3, Said spring is mounted on a tension screw f between a washer 3e and said valve disk 3.

12 indicates a hollow casingwhich is adapte top of the carbureter bowl. arranged approximately in a position inclined to the horizontal and is provided at its bottom with a lnreaded flange, which is adapted for engagement with the interior screw threads formed at the top of said carbureter bowl. This Hange also provides the top wall of the carburcter bowl and a passageway or aperture 1:?a is therein provided which communicates with the interior of irregularly shaped to closethe open Said casing is said carbureter bowl and casing 12* res tively. Said aperture is in vertical almement with the spray nozzle 11.

In that. Wall of the casing which is inclined upwardly and to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, there is provided a threaded aperture adapted to receive a threaded ring 13 (seen-Fig. 3). Said ring has a diametrically extending web 13b and a tapered valve seat in that surface Within the casing 12. 13 indicates a valve closure or disk (see Fig. 7 which has a tapered peripheral edge adapted to close on the valve seat of said ring 13. Said valve disk is non-rotatively fixed to one end of the squared shank of a valve stem 13 which projects at its opposite end through and beyond a squared aperture in the web 13 of a valve ring 13 and Von said stem is formed an annular shoulder 13 adapted for engagement with the inner face of said web 13".

Non-rotatively mounted on said valve stem adjacent the outer surface of said web 13d is an approximatel)7 rectangular shaped member 13h (see Fig. 6), which has its endsso located relative to the arcuate slots 13g in thevalve closure 13 as to substantially close the same. As is apparent from au inspection of Fig. 1 of the drawings. this plate is normally located in close proximity to the outer surface of the valve closure 13 in the plane of the-slots 13g therein for -a purpose soon .to appear. Mounted on said stem 13*l so as to engage the outer face of the plate 13h is a washer 13e and adjacent. the outer end of said valve stem is a similar washer A13e and between said washers surrounding said stem is an expansion coiled spring 13'. The outer end of said stem is screw threaded to receive a pair of nuts by means of which the1 desired tension of said spring may be The upper right hand en'd of said casing 12 is formed to provide a vertically arranged neck or outlet 20, the axis of which is offset from the vertical axis of the carbureter bowl so as to be approximately alined with the axis of the fuel inlet valve 5. Said neck has laterally extending lugs by means of which the carburetor as a whole is attached to the inlet manifold of the engine. In the passageway provided by said neck is located a throttle valve 19 of the well known type, which is fixed to an axis pin bearing in the wall of the neck 20. To that end o1' the axis pin without the neck is fixed a lever arm 22 which is connected by means of a rod 22 to a like arm fixed to the valve plur in the valve casing 1 beforel mentione T he throttle valve lever also has fixed to it a secn ond rod or hook by means of which it may be operated. Should at any time it be desired to drain such fuel as may be in fuel chamber within the carburetor bowl, a cock Lazcano la,

4 havingscfrew threaded enga em t 1n an aperture in Vthebottom wall oft e c rbureter bowl is provided therefor.

The operation of our reter is as follows: and` for example, we shall start with the carbureter empty and full of air at atmosphericpressure. The fuel supply tank tov which the carbureterfis connected is under atmospheric ressure and located in a plane below the car ureter. With these conditions prevailing the float 8 will be in its lowest position in that fuel chamber and the inlet valve' will .be raised from its seat. The throttle valve 19 is now moved to its open position and the valve plug in the valve casing 1 Witt be likewise opened Y as before described through the rod 22.

The engine to which the carbureter is attached is given the preliminary turn over and the suction stroke of its pistons will ldisplace a volume of air from the interior of the casing 12 and carbureter bowl 10. A

part of the primary air is 'admitted to the interior of the carbureter through the passageway in the boss 1, in the carbureter bowl the other part of said primary air being admitted through the valve mechanism before described in the wall of the casing 12.

The air within the carbureter'is displaced more rapidly than it can enter through the passageway just mentioned, consequently a partial vacuum is established or produced in the whole interior of the carburete'r, and this partial vacuum will be intensified as the engine shaft increases in speed in its preliminary turn over As the air is being withdrawn from the carbureter faster than it can enter through the means before mentioned, the vacuum produced will be exerted in the next point of least resistance. this point being the sup ly -line leading to the inlet 6. This will ten to draw or suck into the fuel chamber 'within the carbureter bowl, a quantity of fuel (it being borne in mind that atmospheric pressure maintains in the fuel supply tank). Fuel will thus enter the fuel chamber, and the level thereof will rise,`lifting the float to seat the valve plug 5 to close the entrance of additional fuel. This risin line of the fuel in the fuel chamber wi l. before it reaches its predetermined high level. subiuerge or seal the bottom end of the fuel passagewa)Y 11* in the nozzle 11, the level rising` in said passageway with the level in the fuel chamber. Such air as is now entering?. through the passageway in the boss l is the atomizing air and this air will pass u through the passage 11b of the nozzle. anc through the restriction at the top end thereof. By passing through this restricted part of said passageway. the velocity is thus 1ncreased and as said air rushes by the re- 'xnproved carbustricted outlet end of the 11 of the nozzle itV witl produce a. higher vacuum 1n said passageway above the fuel level therein than' is present in the fuel chamber, with'the resultthat the eolumnof fuel is drawn up and into the vrestcted'end thereof to pass out to be 'etomized and be carried upwardly by the air issuin from the passageway 11h The-combined atomized articles offuel and` air passu wardly rom the top end of the nozzle through the a erture 12 in 'the screw threaded flange o the casing 12 to mix with the primary air entering said casing through the arcuate slots 13s in the valve disk 13 to `form the proper explosive mixture. This proper mixture now passes through the conduit in the neck 20 to be delivered to the inlet manifold of the engine which directs it to the several cylinders. With the ignition system of the" engine in order, the engine will now turn over underitsown power and the preliminary turn over 1s discontinued.

'When the engine shaft ains 1n momentum Athe partial vacuum in t e interior of the carbureter will be increasedto a higher degree, and to compensate for the greater and additional amount of fuel being atomized.

The valve disk 13 (which'is under atmos? pheric pressure on that partof its face left exposed by the numberrl) will move inwardly from its seat on the valve seat ring 13 to allow of the entrance of air about its peripherical edge into the casing 12 to mix The air being thus admitted is the secondary or auxiliary7 air which will reduce in richness t0 the proper degree the particles of atomized fuel in suspension in the mixing chamber provided for by said casing 12. The engine we will say is now running at high speed and the throttle may be moved to artially restrict the passageway in the nec y:'0` of the casing 12 (the through the valve casin 1a being s1multa. neously closedfthrough t 1e rod 22 as before described) thus cutting down the supply of the mixture to the engine and'reducing its speed.

This speed reduction' lessens the suction exerted in the carbureter bythe engine and the spring 13j gradually returns the valve disk 13 to its seat on the valve ring 13.'

A with the atomized particles of fuel therein.

passage charge to pass freelyT through the arcuate slots 13g in the valve disk 13 to be dissipated in the surrounding atmosphere. ,The spring 1dt will then return the plate 13h to its normal position.

The relative sizes of the slots 13g in the valve disk 13 and the aperture 12a connect- Ving the fuel chamber and mixing chamber is such that, said slots would olfer the path of least resistance to the pre-ignited gases and they will naturally pass out therethrough. This is advantageous for the reason that the fuel in the fuel chamber is not violently agitated or slashed about and Such fuel as does enter the mixing chamber as a liquid under these conditions are not blownv out through the slots 13g in the valve disk 13 but are again returned by gravity to the main body of fuel in the fuel chamber. Such fuel as condenses on the inner faces of the wall of the casing 12 is returned by gravity back to the main body of fuel in the fuel chamber to be again used over. Should the pressure of the air in the passageway provided by the boss 1 of the carbureter owl, become. greater for any reason, than that :it which the best results are obtained in the spraying or `ammizing nozzle, the excess air pressure inl said passa eway will act upon the valve closure 3L" o the valve 4in the bottom wall of the carbureter bowl,

to move the same outwardly against the action of the spring 3d and allow' such eX cess air to escape to the atmos here. Then this excess pressure has thus een relieved, the sprin to move t e sameto its normally closed position. lt is apparent from the foregoing description that the suction produced by the engine which the carbureter feeds, draws or sucks liquid fuel from the supplyT tank into the fuel chamber of the carbureter, the float 8 only acting to close oil the inlet 6 when a predetermined high level of fuel is reached in the said fuel chamber, it being immaterial whether the said fuel supply tankis located on a plane above or below the carbureter. 'flhus our improved carbureter eliminates the necessity of applying an air pressure to the supply tanlrwhen the saine is in a plane below the carbureter or providing any of the expensive fuel feed devices which are expensive and difficult to maintain in working order.

Should the supplyT tank be located in a plane above thecarbureter, the result would be the same. as the suction on the fuel suplv line to carbureter would then be assisted y: the head of the fuel m said supply tank.

Our improved carbureter 1s also advantageous in that the spraying nozzle is located in a plane a greater distance above the, level of the fuel on the fuel chamberythan will again act upon the disk 3 has it been heretofore practical to' make them, so that the spray nozzle cannot be flooded no matter what the angular position of the carbureter may be, due to any condition.

While in describing our invention we h ave referred to certain details of construction and specific arrangement of parts, but we do not limit ourselves thereto except as may7 be pointed out in the appended claims.

e claim as our invention:

1. A carbureter of the kind described, comprising an open top fuel bowl provided with an inlet port, said bowl being adapted to contain a bodv of fuel having a comparatively large sur ace area, a spraying device located in said bowl and adapted to be supplied from the 4fuel therein, a float controlled valveadapted to close said inlet port when the fuel is at a predetermined level in said bowl, a casing having a contracted inlet openinor attached to the open top end of said fuel bowl and adapted for connection t0 the engine cylinder, said casing providing a mixing chamber and Ysaid casing having side walls which are inclined upwardly and outwardly from said inlet opening and having a discharge passage spaced to one side of its said inlet opening.

Q1 A carbureter of the kind described. comprising an open top fuel bowl provided with an inlet port, -said bowl being adapted to contain a bodv of fuel having a comparatively large sur ace area, a spraying device located in said bowl and adapted to be supwplied from the fuel therein, a fioat controlled valve adapted to close said inlet. port when the fuel is at a predetermined level in said bowl. a casing having a contracted inlet opening attached to the open top end of saidfuel bowl and adapted for connec tion to the engine cylinder. said casing providing a mixing chamber, said casing having side walls which are inclined upwardly and outwardly from said inlet opening and having a discharge passage spaced to one side of its said inlet opening, and means providing an air inlet valve in one side wall of said casing adapted to admit an increased supply1 of air upon an increaseI in the speed of the engine abovev a predetermined point.

3. A carbureter of the kind described, comprising an open top fuel bowl provided with an inlet port, said bowl being adapted to contain a bodv of fuel having a comparativelv large surface area, a spraying device located in said bowl and adapted to be snpplied from the fuel therein, a fioat controlled valve adapted to close said inlet port when the fuel. is at a predeternnned level in said bowl, a casing having a contracted inlet opening attached to the open top end of said fuel bowl and adapted for i onnfction to the engine cy11nuer,. said casing Pioviding a mixing chamber, said casing having side walls which are inclined upwardly and' outwardly from said inlet open- I ing and having a discharge passage spacedto one side of its' said inlet opening and a duplex spring-controlled valve mechanism provided in one side Wall of the said casing adapted to op n to admit an increased sup- `in ply of air updii the speeding up of the engine and including a member capable of a In witness whereof, We have hereunto subscribed our names in the presence of'two 1li Witnesses this 13th day of April, 1914.

ALFRED M. LA CHAPELLE. SAMUEL BENENSOHN.

lVitneSses FRANK J. SCHRAEDER, Jr., E. V. DoRoN. 

